David Bowie · 1971
Changes
12 notes across the harmonic analysis · 7 different passage shapes.
Chord-derived pitch classes, after David Temperley. The melody and other unannotated notes are not included. Method & limits
All annotated harmonies combined
Whole analysis
Circle 4095 · 12 notes
C · D♭ · D · E♭ · E · F · G♭ · G · A♭ · A · B♭ · B
Does not fit inside one diatonic scale. This combines notes across time; compare the passages below to see where the field changes.
Source passage · In
Intro
Circle 2047 · 11 notes
C · D♭ · D · E♭ · E · F · G♭ · G · A♭ · A · B♭
Does not fit inside one diatonic scale. This field belongs to this passage, not necessarily the whole song.
Source passage · Vr
Verse
Circle 1023 · 10 notes
C · D · E♭ · E · F · G♭ · G · A · B♭ · B
Does not fit inside one diatonic scale. This field belongs to this passage, not necessarily the whole song.
Source passage · Ch
Chorus
Circle 511 · 9 notes
C · D · E · F · G♭ · G · A · B♭ · B
Does not fit inside one diatonic scale. This field belongs to this passage, not necessarily the whole song.
Source passage · Chend1
Passage Chend1
Circle 1021 · 9 notes
C · D · E · F · G♭ · G · A♭ · A · B
Does not fit inside one diatonic scale. This field belongs to this passage, not necessarily the whole song.
Source passage · Li
Passage Li
Circle 217 · 5 notes
C · D · F · G♭ · A
Does not fit inside one diatonic scale. This field belongs to this passage, not necessarily the whole song.
Source passage · Chend2
Passage Chend2
Circle 1021 · 9 notes
C · D · E · F · G♭ · G · A♭ · A · B
Does not fit inside one diatonic scale. This field belongs to this passage, not necessarily the whole song.
Source passage · Br
Bridge
Circle 127 · 7 notes
C · D · E · F · G · A · B
Fits within a diatonic collection; no tonic is implied. This field belongs to this passage, not necessarily the whole song.
Source passage · Chend3
Passage Chend3
Circle 4095 · 12 notes
C · D♭ · D · E♭ · E · F · G♭ · G · A♭ · A · B♭ · B
Does not fit inside one diatonic scale. This field belongs to this passage, not necessarily the whole song.
Source & interpretation
David Temperley’s harmonic analysis of Changes ↗, from the de Clercq–Temperley RS 200 corpus. Retrieved 19 October 2026.
The complete field includes all harmonies in the source’s S rule. The passages are its named top-level units; direct chords outside those units still contribute to the whole field. Repeated units with the same notes are merged. Labels such as “Passage A” preserve the source where a conventional section name is not given.
Notes and circle assignments are calculated by Chordfields from that analysis. They have not been independently verified against the recording. Read the full method.